Arduino 101 

Project 1a: On-board LED Blink

Objective: Blink an LED connected to the Arduino board. This project requires only an Arduino board and a USB-B cable. We will use Arduino UNO and the on-board LED lamp connected to pin 13 of the UNO.

Components Needed:

• Arduino UNO board

Steps:

1. Write the Code:

• Open the Arduino IDE.

• Write the following code:    

void setup() {

  pinMode(13, OUTPUT); // initialize digital pin 13 as an output.

}

void loop() {

  digitalWrite(13, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)

  delay(1000);            // wait for a second

  digitalWrite(13, LOW);  // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW

  delay(1000);            // wait for a second

}

OR

​Start the Arduino IDE

Open the “LED blink” example sketch: File -> Examples -> 01.Basics -> Blink      

Project 1b. External LED Blink

This project requires an Arduino board, LED diode, 200 ohm or equivalent resistor, breadboard (optional), and a USB-B cable.

In this project, you'll learn how to make an LED blink using an Arduino board. This is a fundamental project that introduces you to the basics of Arduino programming and circuit building.

Components Needed

• Arduino board (e.g., Arduino UNO)

• LED diode

• 200-ohm resistor (or equivalent)

• Breadboard (optional, for easier wiring)

• USB-B cable (for connecting the Arduino to your computer)

• Jumper wires

Steps to Complete the Project

Step 1: Circuit Setup

1. Connect the LED:

• Anode (longer leg) of the LED: Connect to digital pin 13 on the Arduino.

• Cathode (shorter leg) of the LED: Connect to one end of the 200-ohm resistor.

• The other end of the resistor: Connect to the GND (ground) pin on the Arduino.

2. Using a Breadboard (Optional):

• Place the LED and resistor on the breadboard.

• Use jumper wires to connect the anode of the LED to pin 13 on the Arduino.

• Use another jumper wire to connect the other end of the resistor to the GND pin on the Arduino.

Step 2: Write the Code

1. Open the Arduino IDE:

• If you haven't already, download and install the Arduino IDE from the official Arduino website.

2. Create a New Sketch:

• Open the Arduino IDE and create a new sketch.

3. Write the Blinking LED Code:

• Enter the following code into the Arduino IDE:

void setup() {

  // Initialize digital pin 13 as an output.

  pinMode(13, OUTPUT);

}

void loop() {

  // Turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level).

  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);

  // Wait for a second.

  delay(1000);

  // Turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW.

  digitalWrite(13, LOW);

  // Wait for a second.

  delay(1000);

}

Step 3: Upload the Code

1. Connect the Arduino:

• Use the USB-B cable to connect your Arduino board to your computer.

2. Select the Board and Port:

• In the Arduino IDE, go to Tools > Board and select your Arduino model (e.g., Arduino UNO).

• Go to Tools > Port and select the port that corresponds to your Arduino.

3. Upload the Sketch:

• Click the Upload button (right arrow icon) in the Arduino IDE toolbar.

• Wait for the code to compile and upload to the Arduino board.

Step 4: Observe the Blinking LED

• Once the code is uploaded, the LED connected to pin 13 should start blinking. It will turn on for one second and off for one second repeatedly.